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Summary

Transitional Employment Training was a work training program for people receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI). It aimed to help them participate in the labor market by providing job training and transition-to-work support services.

Transitional Employment Training program participants first completed an intensive training with a job coach on tasks for a specific, competitive job and appropriate behavior in the workplace. Program staff placed participants into competitive, integrated employment with the potential to become permanent. Participants were placed into the jobs for which they received training or similar positions, accompanied by additional training with the job coach. Participants also received job retention services to help them resolve difficulties that emerged in the workplace. At some sites, participants had access to case management and other services for people with intellectual disabilities, such as counseling or recreational activities. Participants received services for up to one year, and those in permanent placements at the end of the year were connected to job retention services through another service provider, which they could receive for up to six years. In addition, the Social Security Administration granted waivers to participants to protect their SSI status during their time in the program. The primary population for the program was people ages 18 to 40 who had intellectual disabilities as a primary or secondary diagnosis in their Supplemental Security Income records. The program was implemented in eight sites across the country: Boston, MA; Portland, OR; west-central Wisconsin; Monmouth County, NJ; Los Angeles, CA; Milwaukee, WI; Lemoyne, PA; and Chicago, IL.

Populations and employment barriers: Public benefits recipients, Unemployed, Disability(ies)

Implementation at a glance

Primary service
Program services
Earned income disregards, Employer-focused retention strategies, Employment coaching, Job development, Job placement, Soft skills training, Subsidized employment/transitional jobs, Transportation assistance
Setting(s)
Tested in multiple settings
Year evaluation began
1985
Implementing organization(s)Children's Hospital in Boston, MA; University of Washington in Seattle, WA; Portland Community College; The University of Wisconsin–Stout; Association for Retarded Citizens-Monmouth Unit; Exceptional Children's Foundation in Los Angeles, CA; Goodwill Industries–Milwaukee area; AHEDD, Inc. in Lemoyne, PA; and The Center for the Rehabilitation and Training of the Disabled in Chicago, IL.

Effectiveness rating and effect by outcome domain

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Outcome domain Term Effectiveness rating Effect in 2024 dollars and percentages Effect in standard deviations Sample size
Increase earnings Short-term Cannot assess support
Long-term Cannot assess support
Very long-term Cannot assess support
Increase employment Short-term Cannot assess support
Long-term Cannot assess support
Very long-term Cannot assess support
Decrease benefit receipt Short-term Little evidence to assess support $0 per year 0.000 0
Long-term Little evidence to assess support $0 per year 0.000 0
Very long-term Little evidence to assess support $0 per year 0.000 0
Increase education and training All measurement periods Cannot assess support

Effectiveness ratings

  • Well- supported
  • Supported
  • Mixed support
  • Not supported
  • Insufficient evidence
  • Cannot assess support

Studies of this program

Study quality rating Study counts per rating
High High 1

Program cost

No cost information available.

Cost results

Estimate (in 2024 dollars) Quality of cost analysis that produced the estimate
Total program cost, per participant $18,576
Good quality

Cost information

How much did the program cost per participant? 

The average total program cost per participant was $18,576 in 2024 dollars. This figure is based on cost information for this program reported in one cost study reviewed by Pathways to Work (for details, see the FAQ). This study received a rating of Good quality for the cost analysis.

Cost information is not directly comparable across programs due to differences in the categories of costs reported and program length. Cost information is not an official price tag or guarantee.

Implementation details

Local context

Characteristics of research participants
Black or African American
30%
Another race
68%
Unknown or not reported
2%

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